Laser Additive Manufacturing and In-Situ Monitoring Technologies

Addressing core challenges in additive manufacturing processes such as laser powder bed fusion and directed energy deposition—including complex thermal histories, susceptibility to defects, and difficulties in quality control—this research focuses on melt pool dynamics, solidification behavior, microstructural evolution, and the formation mechanisms of defects (pores, lack of fusion, cracks). High-speed in-situ observation methods based on synchrotron X-ray imaging are developed to dynamically track melt pool flow, spatter behavior, and internal defect evolution. By integrating multi-modal sensing techniques such as high-speed optical imaging, infrared thermography, and optical spectroscopy, correlation models between process signatures and resulting part quality are established. Data-driven defect detection and closed-loop quality control methods are developed to enhance the stability and repeatability of additive manufacturing processes.